Vose vaevhangeri vana vanonyora nezvekufa kwaJesu pamuchinjikwa muBhaibheri. Rufu pamuchinjikwa yakanga isiri nzira yechiJuda yekuuraya vanhu. VaRoma vaive vatongera Jesu rufu pamuchinjikwa nekusimbirwa kwevatungamiriri vechitendero chechiJuda vaikurudzira vanhu.
Rufu pamuchinjikwa kufa kunononoka uye kunorwadza. Mukunyora kwevaevhangeri uye netsamba dzemuapostora Pauro, muchinjikwa unowana chirevo chezvechitendero. Kubudikidza nerufu rwaJesu pamuchinjikwa, vateveri vake vakasunungurwa pamudonzvo wechivi.
Muchinjikwa sechirango munguva dzekare
Kushandiswa kwemuchinjikwa sekuurayiwa kwevakatongerwa rufu pamwe kwakatangira panguva yehushe hwePezhiya. Ikoko matsotsi akaroverwa pamuchinjikwa kekutanga. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti vaida kudzivirira chitunha chechitunha kubva mukusvibisa nyika yakatsaurirwa kuna mwari.
Via mukundi wechiGiriki Alexander Mukuru uye vateveri vake, muchinjikwa ungadai wakapinda zvishoma nezvishoma kumadokero. Nguva yekutanga iyi isati yatanga, vanhu kuGirisi neRoma vakatongerwa rufu pamuchinjikwa.
Muchinjikwa sechirango chevaranda
Zvese muchiGiriki uye muhumambo hweRoma, kufa pamuchinjikwa kwainyanyo shandiswa kuvaranda. Semuenzaniso, kana muranda akasateerera tenzi wake kana kana muranda akaedza kutiza, aizviisa panjodzi yekutongerwa muchinjikwa. Muchinjikwa waiwanzoshandiswa nevaRoma mukupanduka kwevaranda. Chakanga chiri chidziviriro.
Semuenzaniso, munyori weRoma uye muzivi Cicero, anoti kufa kuburikidza nemuchinjikwa kunofanirwa kuonekwa sekufa kunoshamisa uye kunotyisa. Sekureva kwevanyori vezvakaitika kare veRoma, vaRoma vakaranga kumukira kwevaranda vaitungamirwa naSpartacus nekuroverera vapanduki zviuru zvitanhatu. Michinjikwa yakamira paVia Agrippa kubva kuCapua kuenda kuRoma pamusoro pemakiromita mazhinji.
Muchinjikwa hachisi chirango chevaJudha
MuTestamente Yekare, Bhaibheri revaJudha, muchinjikwa hauna kutaurwa senzira yekutongera matsotsi kurufu. Mazwi akaita sekumuchinjikwa kana kurovererwa haaitike muTestamente Yekare zvachose. Vanhu vanotaura nezve imwe nzira yekupa mutongo kupera. Maitiro akajairwa kuti maJuda munguva dzeBhaibheri auraye mumwe munhu kwaive kutakwa nematombo.
Kune mitemo yakasiyana siyana yekutakwa nematombo mumitemo yaMosesi. Vose vanhu nemhuka vaigona kuurawa nekutakwa nematombo. Pamhosva dzechitendero, dzakadai sekudaidza mweya (Revhitiko 20:27) kana nekubaira vana (Revhitiko 20: 1), kana nehupombwe (Revhitiko 20:10) kana nekuuraya, mumwe munhu aigona kutakwa nematombo.
Kuroverwa pamuchinjikwa munyika yeIsrael
Kurovererwa kwevasungwa kwakangova chirango chakabatana munyika yechiJuda mushure mekuuya kwemutongi weRoma muna 63 BC. Zvichida pakave nekurovererwa muIsraeri zvisati zvaitika. Semuenzaniso, zvinotaurwa kuti mugore ra100 BC, mambo wechiJuda Alexander Jannaeus akauraya mazana evapanduki vechiJuda pamuchinjikwa muJerusarema. Munguva dzevaRoma, munyori wenhoroondo wechiJuda Flavius Josephus anonyora nezvekurovererwa kwakawanda kwemauto echiJudha.
Icho chirevo chekufananidzira chemuchinjikwa munyika yeRoma
VaRoma vaive vakunda dunhu rakakura munguva yaJesu. Munzvimbo iyoyo yese, muchinjikwa waimirira kutonga kweRoma. Muchinjikwa waireva kuti vaRoma ndivo vaitungamira uye kuti ani naani anomira munzira yavo achaparadzwa navo nenzira yakaipa. Kune maJuda, kuroverwa kwaJesu kunoreva kuti haangave ari Mesiya, muponesi anotarisirwa. Mesia aizounza rugare kuIsrael, uye muchinjikwa wakasimbisa masimba nekusimba kwehutongi hweRoma.
Kuroverwa kwaJesu
Evhangeri ina dzinorondedzera kurovererwa kwaJesu (Mateo 27: 26-50; Mako 15: 15-37; Ruka 23: 25-46; Johane 19: 1-34). Idzi tsananguro dzinoenderana netsananguro dzekurovererwa nezvisimo-zveBhaibheri. Vaparidzi vevhangeri vanotsanangura kusekwa kwaJesu pachena. Hembe dzake dzakabviswa paari. Anobva amanikidzwa nemasoja eRoma kuti atakure chipiyaniso ( matanda ) kune ndiro yekuurayiwa.
Muchinjikwa waive nedanda uye muchinjiko ( matanda ). Pakutanga kwekurovererwa, danda rakanga ratomira. Munhu akabatwa mhosva akaroverwa pamuchinjikwa nemaoko kana kusungwa netambo dzakasimba. Iyo crossbar ine munhu akatongerwa akabva adhonzwa mudenga padhuze neposvo yakasimudzwa. Akarovererwa akazofa nekurasikirwa neropa, kupera simba, kana kudzipwa. Jesu akafira pamuchinjikwa pasina kana nguva.
Izvo zvinomiririra zvinoreva muchinjikwa waJesu
Muchinjikwa une chakakosha chekufananidzira kuvaKristu. Vanhu vazhinji vane kuyambuka sependekete pane cheni yakatenderedza mutsipa. Muchinjikwa unogona zvakare kuonekwa mumachechi uye pashongwe dzechechi sechiratidzo chekutenda. Neimwe nzira, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti muchinjikwa wave mucherechedzo wekutenda kwechiKristu.
Zvinoreva muchinjikwa muevhangeri
Mumwe nemumwe wevaevhangeri vana anonyora nezvekufa kwaJesu pamuchinjikwa. Nekudaro muevhangeri wese, Mateo, Mako, Ruka, naJohani vanozvimisikidza mataurirwo avo. Saka pane misiyano mune zvinoreva uye dudziro yemuchinjikwa pakati pevavhangeri.
Muchinjikwa pana Mateo sekuzadziswa kweMagwaro
Mateo akanyora vhangeri rake kuungano yechiJuda-yechiKristu. Anotsanangura nyaya yekutambura zvakadzama kupfuura Marcus. Kugutsikana kwemagwaro ndiwo musoro wakakosha munaMateu. Jesu anogamuchira muchinjikwa wekuzvisarudzira (Mat. 26: 53-54), kutambura kwake hakunei nemhosva (Mat. 27: 4, 19, 24-25), asi zvese nekuzadzikiswa kweMagwaro ( 26:54; 27: 3-10). Semuenzaniso, Mateo anoratidza vaverengi vechiJuda kuti Mesia anofanira kutambura nekufa.
Muchinjikwa naMarcus, wakadzikama uye uine tariro
Mako anotsanangura kufa kwaJesu pamuchinjikwa nenzira yakaoma asi inopinda mukati. Mukuchema kwake pamuchinjikwa, Mwari wangu, Mwari wangu, mandisiirei (Mako 15:34) inoratidza Jesu kwete kungoora mwoyo kwake chete asiwo tariro. Nekuti aya mazwi ndiko kutanga kwePisarema 22. Iri Pisarema munamato wekuti mutendi haangotauri chete nhamo yake, asi zvakare chivimbo chekuti Mwari vachamuponesa: kumeso kwake hakuna kumuvanzira, asi akanzwa paakachema iye (Mapisarema 22:25).
Muchinjikwa naRuka uchitevera
Mukuparidza kwake, Ruka anotaura kuboka revaKristu vanotambura nekutambudzwa, kudzvinyirirwa, uye kufungirwa nemapoka echiJuda. Bhuku raMabasa, chikamu chechipiri chezvinyorwa zvaRuka, rakazara naro. Ruka anoratidza Jesu semufira kutendeka. Ndiye muenzaniso wevatendi. Kudanwa kwaJesu pamuchinjikwa kunopa ufakazi hwekuzvipira: Zvino Jesu akachema nezwi guru: Baba, mumaoko enyu ndinopa mweya wangu. Muna Mabasa, Ruka anoratidza kuti mutendi anotevera uyu muenzaniso. Stefano anodanidzira apo, nekuda kweuchapupu hwake, akatakwa nematombo: Ishe Jesu, gamuchirai mweya wangu (Mabasa 7:59).
Kukwidziridzwa pamuchinjikwa naJohane
Naevhangeri John, hapana kutaurwa nezve kunyadziswa kwemuchinjikwa. Jesu haaendi nenzira yekunyadziswa, saPauro, semuenzaniso, anonyora mutsamba kuvaFiripi (2: 8). Johane anoona mucherechedzo wekukunda pamuchinjikwa waJesu. Evhangeri yechina inotsanangura muchinjikwa maererano nekusimudzirwa nekukudzwa (Johane 3:14; 8:28; 12: 32-34; 18:32). NaJohane, muchinjikwa ndiyo nzira kumusoro, korona yaKristu.
Zvinoreva muchinjikwa mutsamba dzaPauro
Muapostora Pauro pachake haana kunge akaona kupona kwaJesu pamuchinjikwa. Asi muchinjikwa mucherechedzo wakakosha muzvinyorwa zvake. Mutsamba dzaakanyora kuungano dzakasiyana uye vanhu vamwechete, akapupura nezvekukosha kwemuchinjikwa kwehupenyu hwevatendi. Pauro pachake aisafanira kutya kushorwa kwemuchinjikwa.
Semugari wemuRoma, aidzivirirwa neizvi nemutemo. Semugari wemuRoma, muchinjikwa wainyadzisa kwaari. Mutsamba dzake, Pauro anodana muchinjikwa kunyadzisa ( chinyadzo ) neupenzi: asi isu tinoparidza Kristu wakarovererwa, chinyadzo chevaJudha, upenzi kuvaHedheni (1 Vakorinte 1:23).
Pauro anoreurura kuti kufa kwaKristu pamuchinjikwa zvinoenderana nemagwaro (1 Vakorinde 15: 3). Muchinjikwa haungori chete zvinonyadzisa, asi sekureva kweTestamente Yekare, yaive nzira iyo Mwari yaaida kuenda naMesiya wake.
Muchinjikwa sehwaro hweruponeso
Pauro anotsanangura muchinjikwa mutsamba dzake senzira yeruponeso (1 VaK. 1:18). Zvivi zvinoregererwa nemuchinjikwa waKristu. … Nekudzima humbowo hwaipupura pamusoro pedu uye hwakatityisidzira kuburikidza nemirau yake. Uye akazviita nekuzviroverera pamuchinjikwa (VaK. 2:14). Kuroverwa kwaJesu chibayiro chezvivi. Akafa pachinzvimbo chevatadzi.
Vatendi ‘vakarovererwa pamuchinjikwa’ pamwe chete naye. Mutsamba kuvaRoma, Pauro anonyora kuti: Nokuti tinoziva izvi, kuti munhu wedu wekare wakarovererwa pamuchinjikwa, kuti muviri wake ubviswe kubva muchivi, uye kuti tirege kuramba tiri varanda vechivi (VaR. 6: 6). ). Kana sezvaanonyora kuchechi yeVaGaratia: NaKristu, ndakarovererwa pamuchinjikwa, uye zvino ndinorarama, (ndiko kuti),
Zvinyorwa uye mareferensi
- Nhanganyaya pikicha: Mahara-Mifananidzo , Pixabay
- A. Noordergraaf nevamwe (ed.). (2005). Duramazwi revaverengi veBhaibheri Zoetermeer, Book Center.
- CJ Den Heyer naP P. Schelling (2001). Zviratidzo muBhaibheri. Mashoko uye zvarinoreva. Zoetermeer: Meinema.
- J. Nieuwenhuis (2004). Johane Muoni. Cook: Makambi.
- J. Smit. (1972). Nyaya yekutambura. Muna: R. Schippers, et al. (Mupepeti.). Bhaibheri. Band V. Amsterdam: Amsterdam bhuku.
- T Wright (2010). Kushamisika netariro. Franeker: Van Wijnen imba yekutsikisa.
- Bhaibheri rinotora kubva kuNBG, 1951
Zviri Mukati
- Muchinjikwa sechirango munguva dzekare
- Muchinjikwa sechirango chevaranda
- Muchinjikwa hachisi chirango chevaJuda
- Kuroverwa pamuchinjikwa munyika yeIsrael
- Icho chirevo chekufananidzira chemuchinjikwa munyika yeRoma
- Kuroverwa kwaJesu
- Izvo zvinomiririra zvinoreva muchinjikwa waJesu
- Zvinoreva muchinjikwa muevhangeri
- Muchinjikwa pana Mateo sekuzadziswa kweMagwaro
- Muchinjikwa naMarcus, wakadzikama uye uine tariro
- Muchinjikwa naRuka uchitevera
- Kukwidziridzwa pamuchinjikwa naJohane
- Zvinoreva muchinjikwa mutsamba dzaPauro
- Muchinjikwa sehwaro hweruponeso
- Zvinyorwa uye mareferensi