Zvinodikanwa zvevisa yebasa . Pamusoro pekuve nyika inoenda vanhu vazhinji nekuda kwekushanya, United States zvakare iri basa rinozivikanwa kuenda . Vanhu vanobva kumativi ese epasi unoda kushanda muUS . Nekuda kwe mibairo yepamusoro uye nharaunda dzakanaka dzebasa .
Pane nzira mbiri dzekuenda kuUS nekuda kwezvikonzero zvebasa:
- Semushandi wenguva pfupi
- Semunhu anotsigirwa / anoshanda zvachose
Iyo Vashandi venguva pfupi ivo vanoda a asiri-mugari wevisa kubva kuUS, uku iyo vanotsigirwa vashandi ivo vanoda a mutorwa vhiza . Ichi chinyorwa chichafukidza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezvekuva wenguva pfupi mushandi uye kuwana iyo United States basa vhiza.
Kuti utariswe vhiza yekune dzimwe nyika mune mamwe emabasa-akavakirwa zvikamu, anenge achizoshandira waanoshandira kana mumiririri anofanira kutanga awana mvumo kubva chitupa chevashandi kubva kuDhipatimendi reVashandi .
Paanogamuchira, mushandirwi anotumira a Wekune imwe nyika Chikumbiro cheMumwe Mushandi , Fomu I-140 , pamberi peUnited States Citizenship uye Immigration Services ( USCIS ) yebasa rakakodzera-based based preference.
Shanda Visa USA Makwanisiro
Pane zvirevo zvitatu zvekuti mumwe munhu anofarira kuwana vhiza rebasa reUS anofanirwa kusangana asati aikumbira. Kana iwe ukasasangana neimwe yeaya mamiriro, Embassy inogona kuramba yako vhiza kunyorera. Izvi zvinokutadzisa kubva kuenda kuUS nekushanda ikoko. Izvi zvinotarisirwa zvinotevera:
Iva nebasa rekupa muUS
Iwe unofanirwa kunyorera uye wagamuchirwa munzvimbo yebasa mukati meUS kuti uwane vhiza yebasa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti United States inoda magwaro akati wandei kubva kune waunoshandira usati watanga yako vhiza kunyorera.
Chikumbiro chakabvumidzwa neUnited States Citizenship uye Immigration Services (USCIS)
Izvi zvinodiwa zvinoreva kuti usati wanyorera vhiza yebasa reU.S., waunoshandira anofanira kutumira kunyorera mushandi asiri mugari wenyika pamberi peUSCIS. Chikumbiro ichi, chinozivikanwawo se fomu I-129 Iri igwaro rinonyanya kukosha kwauri kuti uwane vhiza yako yebasa.
Kana USCIS ichibvumidza chikumbiro chemushandirwi wako, unogona kutanga kunyorera vhiza. Nekudaro, kana chikumbiro chako chikatenderwa, hazvireve hazvo kuti iyo Embassy yeUnited States zvinokupa iwe vhiza yebasa. Nezvikonzero izvo zvinogona kusiiwa mukufunga kweEmbassy, vhiza rako rebasa rinogona kurambwa kunyangwe chikumbiro chako cheUSCIS chabvumidzwa.
Kubvumidzwa kwechitupa chevashandi neDhipatimendi reVashandi ( DOL )
Mamwe emavisa ebasa, kunyanya iyo H-1B, H-1B1, H-2A, H-2B inodawo waunoshandira kuti ave nechitupa che DOL . Waunoshandira anofanira kunyorera iyo DOL pachinzvimbo chako kunyangwe usati waisa chikumbiro neUSCIS. Hurumende yeUS inoda ichi chitupa seumboo hwekuti vashandirwi vekuUS vanoda vashandi vekunze.
Ivo vanofanirwa kuratidza kuti havagone kuzadza iwo mabasa nevashandi veAmerica. Pamusoro pezvo, chitupa chakakosha kuona kuti vashandi vekunze vekunze havavhiringidze mikana yemabasa kuvagari vemuUS.
US basa vhiza zvinodiwa
Pamusoro pekusangana nezvinodiwa zvitatu izvi, iwe unozofanirwa kunge uine magwaro aya:
- Yakakodzera pasipoti, iyo inofanirwa kuve inoshanda kune yako yese kugara muUS uye imwezve mwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekudzoka kwako
- US vhiza foto, iyo iwe yaunoda kuisa kana iwe uchizadza online fomu rekunyorera.
- Iyo irisiti nhamba, iyo iwe yaunogona kuwana pane yako Yakagamuchirwa Chikumbiro kune Asingasviki Mushandi (Fomu I-129) yakamisikidzwa newaunoshandira.
- Peji rekusimbisa kuti iwe wapedza yako Nonimmigrant Visa Chikumbiro ( Fomu DS-160 ).
- Irisiti inoratidza kuti wabhadhara mari yekunyorera. Kune mavhiza ebasa eUS, mari yekunyorera i $ 190. Panogona kunge paine mari dzekuwedzera dzinoshanda kunzvimbo yako, saka unofanirwa kutarisa nemumiriri wenyika yako yeUS kuti uwane ruzivo.
- Uchapupu hwekuti iwe uchadzokera kunyika yako yekumba mushure mekunge basa rako muUS rapera.Izvi zvinoshanda kune ese marudzi emavisa ebasa kunze kwevisa H-1B uye L. Mienzaniso yekuti ungaratidza sei kuti uchadzoka kubva kuUS inosanganisira zvinotevera:
- Ndichipa mamiriro ako emari
- Ukama hwemhuri yako
- Chero chero zvirongwa zvenguva refu iwe zvaungave uine
- Residence yauri kuronga kudzokerako
- Kune avo vanonyorera L visa, ivo vanodawo kuve nefomu I-129S yakapedzwa (Nonimmigrant Petition yakavakirwa paGeneral Petition L). Iwe unofanirwa kuuya neiyi fomu kana iwe uine yako vhiza bvunzurudzo.
Pamusoro peizvi zvimiro zvinodiwa, zvinoshanda kune vese avo vanoshuvira kuwana vhiza yebasa reUS, panogona kunge paine mamwe magwaro aunofanirwa kuendesa. Iwe unofanirwa kubata yako yemuno embassy yeUS kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwakadzama.
Ndeapi marudzi akajairika ebasa vhiza muUnited States?
Kune vashandirwi vanotsvaga hunyanzvi hwevashandi mumusika wepasi rose, iyo US yekufambisa hurongwa inopa dzakasiyana siyana mavhiza ebasa kuzadzisa zvakasiyana zvinodiwa. Kune vashandirwi nevashandi zvakafanana, zvakakosha kuti uve nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kwenzira yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika uye nuances inobatanidzwa mukuhaya vekunze. Aya ndiwo mamwe emavhiza ebasa anowanzoitika muUnited States:
Visa H-1B
Visa H-1B Iri vhiza rebasa renguva pfupi iro rinowanikwa kune vekunze kune mamwe mabasa, akadai seinjiniya uye sainzi yemakomputa. Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzevisa vhiza muUS, H-1B ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa.
Nekuda kwekuda kwakanyanya (mu2017, zvinopfuura 236,000 zvikumbiro zvakaunzwa), muganho wepagore we 85,000 kunyorera wakashandiswa kune H-1B, ayo zviuru makumi maviri zvakachengeterwa vanhu vane degree ra master. Iyo yakakwira nhamba yekushandisa uye yakaderera nhamba yeH-1B mavhiza anowanikwa akwevera kutarisisa kune mamwe marudzi emavisa mumakore apfuura.
Visa L-1
Kupatsanurwa kwe ratidza L-1 Iyo yakachengeterwa vashandirwi vanofanirwa kuchinjisa mamaneja, vatungamiriri, kana vashandi vane ruzivo rwakasarudzika kubva kune yekune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kubazi muUnited States. Mushandi anofanira kunge aine sangano kwegore rimwe chete uye mushandirwi anofanira kutanga hukama pakati penzvimbo yekunze nesangano reUS.
Ratidza TN
Iyo Visa yeTN yakasarudzika yakasarudzika yevagari veMexico neCanada iyo yakagadzwa sechikamu cheNorth American Free Trade Agreement ( TLCAN ). Vashandi vekunze vanokodzera kunyorera kuti vapinde mudunhu reTN vanosanganisira vakasarudzika maakaundendi, mainjiniya, magweta, nevamwe vanyanzvi.
Rudzi urwu rwevisa rinokosheswa kwazvo nekuti hapana yakatarwa yepamusoro muganho kana nguva yekupedzisira yeTN visa, kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ebasa vhiza muUS.
Green kadhi mavhiza
Mavhiza ekugara zvachose muUS anowanzo kunzi se makadhi egirini . Kazhinji kadhi-yakasvibirira makadhi anosanganisira zvikamu EB-1, EB-2, uye EB-3. Iyo EB-1 green kadhi inowanikwa kune vekutanga vashandi vane ruzivo rwakasiyana musainzi, hunyanzvi, dzidzo, bhizinesi, uye mitambo.
Kadhi rakasvibirira EB-2 Izvo zvakafanana, kunyange zvingave zviripo kune vashandi vane tenzi kana bachelor's degree uye makore mashanu ezve post-bachelor's ruzivo rwebasa. Chekupedzisira, iyo EB-3 green kadhi inowanikwa kune vane hunyanzvi vashandi kana nyanzvi nedanho rekoreji vari kuita basa rinoda koreji degree.
Shanda zvikamu zvevisa
Kutanga basa rinodiwa (E1): Vashandi vekutanga. Zvikamu zvitatu zvidiki:
- Vanhu vane hunyanzvi hunoshamisa musainzi, hunyanzvi, dzidzo, bhizinesi, kana mitambo.
- Vakasarudzika mapurofesa nevatsvagiri vane makore angangoita matatu ezvakaitika mukudzidzisa kana kutsvagurudza, kunozivikanwa pasi rese.
- Mamaneja emarudzi mazhinji kana vatungamiriri vakamboshandirwa kweinenge 1 yemakore matatu apfuura nemubatanidzwa, mubereki, chikamu kana bazi remushandi weUS kunze kwenyika.
Wekutanga Anofarira kunyorera anofanira kunge ari iye mubatsiri weakagamuchirwa weVatorwa Chikumbiro cheAlien Worker, Fomu I-140 , yakamisikidzwa neUSCIS.
Chechipiri basa raunoda (E2): Nyanzvi vane madhigirii epamberi uye vanhu vane hunyanzvi hunoshamisa. Wechipiri Anofarira wekunyorera kazhinji anofanira kunge aine chitupa chevashandi chinotenderwa neDhipatimendi reVashandi. Basa rinopihwa rinodikanwa uye mushandirwi weUS anofanirwa kufaira Anopinda Muenzi Chikumbiro cheAlien Worker, Fomu I-140, achimiririra iye anenge achinyorera.
Chechitatu Jobho Kuda (E3): vashandi vane hunyanzvi, nyanzvi, uye vasina hunyanzvi (vamwe vashandi. Wechitatu-anoda kunyorera anofanirwa kunge aine mvumo yekubva kune imwe nyika kune wekunze mushandi, Fomu I-140, yakamisikidzwa neanotarisirwa kuve mushandirwi. Vese vashandi ava vanowanzoda basa. Dhipatimendi revashandi.
Chechina chinodiwa chebasa (E4): vamwe vanokosha vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. Kune akawanda masikandi mukati meichi chikamu. WeChina Wekufarira munyoreri anofanirwa kuve iye anowana iye anotenderwa Chikumbiro cheAmerasian, Chirikadzi (er), kana Special Immigrant, Fomu I-360, kunze kwevamwe vashandi kana vaimbove vashandi vehurumende yeUS kunze kwenyika. Chitupa chevashandi hachidiwe kune chero chikamu chevadiki vevamwe vanopinda.
Chechishanu Basa Rekufarira (E5): Vatorwa vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. Iwo evashambadziri investor vhiza zvikamu ndezvekudyara mari nevatorwa vekunze mumabhizinesi matsva muUnited States ayo anopa kugadzira mabasa.
US basa vhiza kunyorera maitiro
Kana iwe ukasangana nemitemo mitatu yekufanirwa uye ukaunganidza gwaro rinodiwa, saka unokodzera kutanga chikumbiro chako cheUnited States vhiza yebasa. Nzira iyo iwe yaunogona kuisa nayo nekuzadzisa anotevera matanho:
Pedzisa iyo Online isingabvumirwe Visa Kunyorera (Fomu DS-160) uye purinda peji rekusimbisa
Ruzivo rwaunonyora pane fomu DS-160 runofanira kunge rwakarurama. Kana iwe ukaisa zvisirizvo ruzivo, Embassy ichave nechikonzero chakanaka chekukuramba iwe vhiza yako. Pamusoro pezvo, Fomu DS-160 inowanikwa mumitauro yakawanda, asi mhinduro dzako dzinofanirwa kunge dziri muChirungu.
Ronga bvunzurudzo yako
Nekuda kwenhamba zhinji yekunyorera inogamuchirwa nemamishinari eUS, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuronga bvunzurudzo yako uchangosangana nezvose zvinodiwa. Kana iwe uri pasi pegumi nematatu kana anopfuura makumi masere, kubvunzurudzwa kwevisa hakuwanzo kudikanwa. Kana vari vanhu vari pakati pemakore gumi nemana nemakumi manomwe nepfumbamwe, mabvunzurudzo anodikanwa, asi panogona kunge paine zvisaririra kana uchingovandudza vhiza yako.
Pinda mubvunzurudzo
Kubvunzurudza kwako uye ruzivo rwefomu DS-160 zvinobatsira Embassy yeUnited States kuita sarudzo yekuti ikupe vhiza kana kwete. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti iwe uzviratidze kubvunzurudza nenguva, wakapfeka zvakafanira uye nemagwaro ese anodiwa. Zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kupindura mibvunzo yese zvizere sezvazvinogona, uchigara uchipa ruzivo rwechokwadi. Vabvunzi veVisa vakadzidziswa kuona kana mumwe munhu akapa ruzivo rwenhema, saka kana vakadaro, vachakunyima vhiza yako.
Pedzisa mamwe maitiro
Iwe unozobvunzwa kuti upe zvigunwe zvemunwe usati, panguva kana mushure mekubvunzurudzwa kwako, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yako, pamwe nekubhadhara chero imwe mari yekuwedzera. Mushure mekugadziriswa kwevisa, kana Embassy yeUnited States ikupa vhiza yebasa, iwe ungatofanira kubhadhara mari yekubvisa vhiza. Huwandu hwemari yekubuditsa vhiza hunotariswa zvichienderana nenyika yawakabva.
Kodzero dzako nebasa
Vashandi venguva pfupi muUnited States vane seti yekodzero dzavanopihwa nehurumende. Vanochengetedzwa kubva mukutyorwa nekushandiswa, uye vanokwanisa kushandisa kodzero idzi vasina kupihwa chirango. Kana mumwe munhu muUS akatyora kodzero dzako uye iwe ukazvitaura, vhiza yako haizomiswa uye hurumende haigone kukumanikidza kuti udzokere munyika yako kana vhiza yako ichiri kushanda, nekuda kwekuti iwe wakamhan'arira kutyorwa uku.
Kana iwe uchibvumidzwa kupinda muUnited States neHomeland Security vaongorori nemamwe madhipatimendi, iwe zvakare une mvumo yekukumbira kuwedzerwa kwekugara kwako. Nekudaro, kana vhiza yako yapera, haugone kugara munyika kunze kwekunge Embassy ichiwedzera vhiza yako. Kana iwe ukagara mushure mekunge vhiza rako rebasa risiri kushanda, unogona kunge usiri kukodzera kunyorera iro mune ramangwana.
Iwe zvakare une kodzero yekunyorera vhiza kune mumwe wako kana vana vari mune imwechete vhiza chikamu iwe chauinacho.
- Kune vanobata H visa, murume / mukadzi wako nevana vanofanira kunyorera H-4 vhiza
- Kana uine L visa, vanovimba newe vanofanirwa kunyorera L-2 visa,
- Kune ma visa, murume kana mukadzi anofanirwa kunyorera O-3 visa,
- Mudzimai nevana veP visa holder vanofanirwa kunyorera P-4 visa, uye
- Ivo vane Q vhiza, mukadzi uye vana vanofanirwa kunyorera Q-3 visa
Chii chiri chikumbiro chemamiriro ekushanda?
Dhipatimendi reVashandi muU.S. LCA ) kana Certification yekambani iri kuronga kuhaya mushandi wekune imwe nyika. Iyo LCA inopa kambani kodzero yekuhaya vasiri-US vagari vashandi veMutemo Vanogara Permanent Residents (LPRs) uye vanovatsigira kuti vawane mavisa.
LCA inoti kambani inofanirwa kuhaya mushandi wekune imwe nyika nekuti mushandi weUS anga asipo, anokwanisa, kana kuda kuita basa iri. Inotiwo mubhadharo wevashandi vekunze unoenderana newemushandi weUS uye mushandi wekune imwe nyika haazotarisana nerusarura kana nharaunda yakaipa yebasa.
Chii chinonzi kukumbira basa?
Chikumbiro chebasa chinotumirwa nekambani yeUS inoda kutsigira mushandi wekunze vhiza yebasa. Chikumbiro chinotumirwa kuUSCIS kuti chigadziriswe uye chinosanganisira ruzivo rwevashandi vekunze zita rebasa, muhoro, uye magwaro.
Kana mushandirwi weUnited States achinyorera chikumbiro chebasa, vanofanirwa kubhadhara mari yekugadzirisa nekutsigira mushandi. Vanofanira zvakare kunamatira magwaro anotsigira anoratidza kuti kambani inokwanisa kubhadhara mushandi wekunze, kuti vabhadhara mitero yese uye vakawana Labor Certification Chikumbiro (LCA) kubva kuDhipatimendi reVashandi.
Chii chinonzi gwaro remvumo yebasa?
Avo vane vasina-visa vanobva kuUnited States havagone kutanga kushanda kunze kwekunge vaine mvumo yekushanda. Mvumo yekushanda yeUS inonzi Employment Authorization Gwaro ( EAD ) uye inogona kuwanikwa nekukurumidza mushure mekunge vhiza yako yabvumidzwa.
Iyo EAD inokutendera iwe kushanda zviri pamutemo mune chero US kambani chero bedzi vhiza yako ichishanda. Wako mukadzi anogona zvakare kuwana EAD kana vachikodzera. Paunenge iwe wavandudza kana kuwedzera vhiza, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kunyorera yako EAD kuvandudzwa. Kuti uwane ruzivo nezve maitiro ekushandisa, shanyira iyo EAD chinyorwa.
Zvinyorwa zvinodiwa
Mushure mekunge USCIS yabvumidza chikumbiro, National Visa Center ichapa nhamba yemhosva yechikumbiro. Kana zuva rekutanga remunyoreri rikasangana newazvino zuva rekufanirwa, iyo NVC inotungamira iye anenge achinyorera kuti apedze iyo Fomu DS-261 , Sarudzo yemanejimendi uye mumiririri. Mushure mekubhadhara mari inobhadharwa, iyo NVC inozokumbira magwaro anotevera anodiwa:
- Pasipoti (s) inoshanda kwemazuva makumi matanhatu mushure mekupera kwezuva rakadhindwa pavatorwa visa.
- Fomu DS-260, Kunyorera kweVapoteri Visa uye Alien Kunyoresa.
- Maviri (2) 2 × 2 mafoto.
- Zvinyorwa zveveruzhinji kune anenge achinyorera.
- Kutsigirwa kwemari. Pamubvunzurudzo yako yevisa yekuenda kune imwe nyika, unofanirwa kuratidza mukuru wevamiriri kuti hauzobhadharisa veruzhinji muUnited States.
- Zadza mafomu ekuongorora zvekurapa.
Visa hurukuro uye nguva yekugadzirisa
Kamwe iye NVC inosarudza kuti iyo faira izere nezvose zvinodiwa magwaro, inoronga musangano wemubvunzurudzo. NVC inozotumira iyo faira, iine chikumbiro chemunhu anenge achinyorera uye magwaro akanyorwa pamusoro, kumumiriri weU.S. Mumwe nemumwe anonyorera anofanira kuuya nepasipoti inoshanda kubvunzurudzo, pamwe nechero zvinyorwa zvisati zvapihwa NVC.
Employment-based immigrant visa zviitiko zvinotora yakawedzera nguva nekuti ivo vari mune mashoma mashoma mavisa mapoka. Iyo nguva yenguva inosiyana kubva kune imwe nyaya kuenda kune imwe nyaya uye haigone kufanofungidzirwa kune imwe neimwe kesi nekunyatso.
Embassy ruzivo rwekuonana:
Bata Embassy yeU.S. / yepedyo yepedyo kuti uwane ruzivo rwechizvino-zvino pane zvinyorwa zvaunogona kunyatsoda kupinda muU.S.
Disiki : Izvo zvirimo papeji rino uye mamwe mawebhu webhusaiti pane ino webhusaiti zvinopihwa mukutendeka kwakanaka seyakajairika ruzivo gwara chete, uye kushandiswa kweino webhusaiti seruzivo kana imwe zviwanikwa iri panjodzi yemushandisi / muoni. Nepo kuedza kwese kuitirwa kuratidza ruzivo rwechokwadi uye rwechizvino-zvino, varidzi vacho havagashi chero mutoro kana mutoro kune ino webhusaiti kune chero zvikanganiso, kusiiwa, ruzivo rwechinyakare kana rwunotsausa pamapeji aya kana pane chero imwe webhusaiti kune aya mapeji batanidza. mapeji kana zvakabatanidzwa.
Kwayakave nekopiraiti
- United States Dhipatimendi reNyika - URL: www.travel.state.gov
Muoni / mushandisi weiri peji rewebhu anofanira kushandisa ruzivo rwuri pamusoro chete segwara, uye anofanira kugara achibata kune zviri pamusoro kana vamiririri vehurumende yemushandisi neruzivo rwepamusoro-soro panguva iyoyo, vasati vaita sarudzo yekufamba. kune iyo nyika kana kuenda.
Zviri Mukati
- Shanda Visa USA Makwanisiro
- Iva nebasa rekupa muUS
- Chikumbiro chakabvumidzwa neUnited States Citizenship uye Immigration Services (USCIS)
- Kubvumidzwa kwechitupa chevashandi neDhipatimendi reVashandi (DOL)
- US basa vhiza zvinodiwa
- Ndeapi marudzi akajairika ebasa vhiza muUnited States?
- Visa H-1B
- Visa L-1
- Ratidza TN
- Green kadhi mavhiza
- Shanda zvikamu zvevisa
- US basa vhiza kunyorera maitiro
- Pedzisa iyo Online isingabvumirwe Visa Kunyorera (Fomu DS-160) uye purinda peji rekusimbisa
- Ronga bvunzurudzo yako
- Pinda mubvunzurudzo
- Pedzisa mamwe maitiro
- Kodzero dzako nebasa
- Chii chiri chikumbiro chemamiriro ekushanda?
- Chii chinonzi kukumbira basa?
- Chii chinonzi gwaro remvumo yebasa?
- Zvinyorwa zvinodiwa
- Visa hurukuro uye nguva yekugadzirisa